9th Century Carolingian Soldiers from

The Conversion of Saint Paul in the Vivian Bible, folio 386v


A detail of Saint Paul on the Road to Damascus, in the Vivian Bible, BnF MS Latin 1, folio 386v

A detail of Saint Paul preaching, in the Vivian Bible, BnF MS Latin 1, folio 386v


Date: Between 845 and 851
Bibliothèque nationale de France, MS Latin 1, folio 386v.

The First Bible of Charles the Bald (Paris, Bibliothèque Nationale, MS lat. 1) is a lavishly illuminated 9th-century manuscript Bible commissioned by Count Vivien, the lay abbot of St. Martin at Tours, and presented to Charles the Bald in 846 on a visit to the church. It is also known as the Count Vivian Bible or the Vivian Bible. It is 495 mm by 345 mm and has 423 vellum folios.

This is also understood to be the third illuminated Bible to have been made at Tours following the Bamburgh and Grandval Moutier bibles.

The Vivian Bible made in 845-846 at Tours is now in the Bibliothèque nationale de France.

Abbaye Saint-Martin de Tours. - Minuscule caroline très régulière, caractéristique du scriptorium de Saint-Martin de Tours.
Saint Martin of Tours Abbey. - Very regular carolina minuscule, characteristic of the scriptorium of St. Martin of Tours.
From the same manuscript: King David, musicians and soldiers in the Vivian Bible, BnF MS Latin 1, folio 215v
Charles the Bald in the Vivian Bible, BnF MS Latin 1, folio 423r



Other Carolingian Illustrations of Costume and Soldiers