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Wells Cathedral, c.1230-40
West Front Statues 123 Knight & 124 St Maurice
Photo by Nicholas Durnan.
Referenced on p.28, Knight - Noble Warrior of England 1200-1600 by Christopher Gravett.
Two statues from the west front of Wells Cathedral, c.1230. The helm of the left-hand figure has a single vision-slit. Note too the stiff upstanding shoulders of the surcoat and the lack of a waist belt. The other figure wears a padded arming coif with a roll around the brim to support a helm, and a stiff throat-defence, all worn over the mail coif. The surcoat has a dagged lower edge.
Referenced on p.73, Arms and Armour of the Crusading Era, 1050-1350, Western Europe and the Crusader States by David Nicolle
181A-C Statues, Somerset, 1230-40
(in situ west front of Cathedral, Wells, England)
Most of the armoured figures on the facade of Wells Cathedral wear standard mail hauberks and chausses. One, or perhaps two, figures (B and C) have the angled shoulders that suggest padded gambesons beneath the surcoats. The possibility that some padding or even stiffening formed an integral part of the surcoat is reinforced by the raised and clearly stiffened collars that protect the throats of two figures (B and C). One figure (C) has a mail hauberk and coif beneath these padded elements, while another does not (B). Both, however, wear cloth coifs with large padded squabs around the head which are obviously intended to support great helms. One such great helm is present in the Wells carvings (A). It is of an early form with a single broad eye-slit reinforced at the edges by an additional piece of metal which also runs down the front of the helmet. The top plate is turned over the edge and riveted.
See also Wells Cathedral statues 125 & 126 of knights in arming caps, Wells Cathedral statue 145 of a knight with a heaume & Wells Cathedral statue 147 of a knight without a heaume.
A similar great helm worn by the crew of a War Elephant in a Bestiary, British Library Harley MS 4751, England, 2nd quarter of the 13th century
Other Illustrations of 13th century Costume & Soldiers